In-f-Organic Chemistry

What is Niobium? A lump of gray shining crystals with hexagonal facetting Niobium is the chemical element with atomic number 41, it belongs in the d-block at the fisth group of periodic table. It is a soft, grey, crystalline, ductile transition metal. About the name It was formerly known as columbium because it was discovered by English chemist Charles Hatchett in 1801, in a mineral. So he named the mineral columbite and the element columbium, after Columbia. But the columbium discovered by Hatchett was probably a mixture of the new element with tantalum. When scientist studied columbiun were confused over the difference between columbium (niobium) and the closely related tantalum. So they decided to name every new substance they found in columbite or tantalite after Tantalus childen and family. The claimed new elements niobium, pelopium, ilmenium, and dianium were in fact identical to each other or mixtures of the new element with tantalum. So they kept t...

What is Quercetin? Quercetin is a plant polyphenol from group of flavonoids, specifically is a flavonol. Its name has been used since 1857, and is derived from quercetum (oak forest). It has a bitter flavor and it's used for supplement, beveraged or foods. Properties Quercetin it is well known for its antioxidant activity due to its ability to scavenge free radicals. It consider to be the most potent scavenger of ROS. These properties make quercetin a good lipid peroxidation inhibitor, this type of peroxidation can create deleterious effects throughout the body, such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, quercetin does not only stop the propagation of lipid peroxidation, but also increases glutathione levels. By scavenging free radicals quercetin can also reduce inflammation, and protect cells suffering oxidative stress. What is so special about it? According to Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) three structural features are e...